Oesophageal perforations are a catastrophic event with a 10-40% mortality rate. The decisive prognostic factor is the time from the event to the diagnosis, while there is no agreement as to the therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to present our ten-year experience in the treatment of oesophageal perforations together with an evaluation of the prognostic factors. From January 1995 to January 2005, 18 patients (11 M, 7 F), mean age 49.3 years (range: 22-79), with oesophageal perforations were treated in our department. They were classified according to the cause and localization of the perforation and the time elapsing since the event. The perforation was localised in the cervical oesophagus in 4 patients (22.2%), in the abdominal oesophagus in 4 patients (22.2%) and in the thoracic oesophagus in 10 patients (55.5%). It was spontaneous in 4 patients (22.2%), traumatic in 4 (22.2%) and iatrogenic in the remaining 10 (55.5%). In 7 patients (38.9%), the treatment was started during the first 24 hours from the event, while the remaining 11 (61.1%) were referred to us more than 24 hours after the perforation occurred. The overall mortality was 27.8% (5 patients). The only decisive prognostic factor was the time of observation: only 1 patient (14.3%) died in the group observed in the first 24 hours, while the remaining 4 who died (36.4%) were in the group treated more than 24 hours after the event (p < 0.05). Our series confirms that the time elapsing from the event to the diagnosis is the only decisive prognostic factor in the treatment of oesophageal perforations. There is no therapeutic option of choice since there is no significant influence of either cause or localisation of the perforation on outcome.
compresi tra 10 e 40%. Fattore prognostico fondamentale è il tempo intercorso dall’evento alla diagnosi, mentre non vi è accordo sulle opzioni terapeutiche. Scopo del presente articolo è riportare l’esperienza da noi maturata nel corso degli ultimi dieci anni nel trattamento delle perforazioni esofagee e la valutazione dei fattori prognostici significativi. Da gennaio 1995 a gennaio 2005 sono giunti alla nostra osservazione 18 pazienti (11 M, 7 F), età media 49.3 anni (range 22-79) affetti da perforazione dell’esofago. Sono stati classificati in base alla sede e alla causa della perforazione e al tempo intercorso tra l’evento e la diagnosi. La perforazione è stata localizzata all’esofago cervicale e addominale in 4 pazienti (22.2%) rispettivamente, nei restanti 10 (55.5%) era situata a livello dell’esofago toracico. Essa era di origine spontanea o traumatica in 4 pazienti (22.2%) rispettivamente, iatrogena nei restanti 10 (55.5%). In 7 pazienti (38.9%) il trattamento terapeutico veniva intrapreso entro 24 ore dall’insorgenza della perforazione, i restanti 11 (61.1%) sono giunti alla nostra osservazione a più di 24 ore dalla stessa. La mortalità è stata del 27.8% (5 pazienti). Il tempo d’insorgenza della perforazione è stato un fattore prognostico determinante. Solo un decesso (14.3%) è stato osservato tra i pazienti trattati entro le 24 ore dalla perforazione, mentre i restanti 4 pazienti deceduti (36.4%) sono tra quelli osservati a distanza di più di 24 ore dalla stessa (p < 0.05). La nostra serie conferma, quale fattore prognostico determinante nel trattamento delle perforazioni esofagee, esclusivamente il tempo intercorso tra l’evento e la diagnosi. Non viene, invece, rilevata la superiorità di un’opzione terapeutica rispetto alle altre, né un’influenza statisticamente significativa della causa o della sede della perforazione sull’outcome.
Perforazioni esofagee: quali sono i fattori influenzanti la prognosi? Risultati di un’esperienza decennale
MAFFETTONE V;NAPOLITANO V;BRUSCIANO L;DEL GENIO G;LIMONGELLI P;TOLONE S;
2006
Abstract
Oesophageal perforations are a catastrophic event with a 10-40% mortality rate. The decisive prognostic factor is the time from the event to the diagnosis, while there is no agreement as to the therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to present our ten-year experience in the treatment of oesophageal perforations together with an evaluation of the prognostic factors. From January 1995 to January 2005, 18 patients (11 M, 7 F), mean age 49.3 years (range: 22-79), with oesophageal perforations were treated in our department. They were classified according to the cause and localization of the perforation and the time elapsing since the event. The perforation was localised in the cervical oesophagus in 4 patients (22.2%), in the abdominal oesophagus in 4 patients (22.2%) and in the thoracic oesophagus in 10 patients (55.5%). It was spontaneous in 4 patients (22.2%), traumatic in 4 (22.2%) and iatrogenic in the remaining 10 (55.5%). In 7 patients (38.9%), the treatment was started during the first 24 hours from the event, while the remaining 11 (61.1%) were referred to us more than 24 hours after the perforation occurred. The overall mortality was 27.8% (5 patients). The only decisive prognostic factor was the time of observation: only 1 patient (14.3%) died in the group observed in the first 24 hours, while the remaining 4 who died (36.4%) were in the group treated more than 24 hours after the event (p < 0.05). Our series confirms that the time elapsing from the event to the diagnosis is the only decisive prognostic factor in the treatment of oesophageal perforations. There is no therapeutic option of choice since there is no significant influence of either cause or localisation of the perforation on outcome.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.