Radiotherapy in Italian media: (mis)information, patients’ perception and medical career choices

Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze how radiotherapy (RT) is perceived and portrayed by Italian media and to determine whether there is any bias or misinformation about. The study will also assess the influence of these perceptions on patients’ and medical students’ decisions to specialize in radiotherapy. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted of 436 articles published in “Corriere della Sera” between 1895 and 2023, using keywords such as "radiotherapy" and "radiation." The articles were classified into positive, neutral, and negative categories, and the dominant themes and trends were analyzed. Results: Articles on radiotherapy (RT) have significantly increased since year 2000, with a notable rise in negative publications focused on toxicities and alleged malpractice. Out of 436 articles, 74 were negative, with this trend growing in recent years, emphasizing risks over benefits in media coverage of RT. Conclusions: The influence of media on public perception of RT is significant and influences clinical and therapeutic decisions. It is essential that the RT community continues working with media and communication professionals to promote accurate information about the benefits and advances of RT for the patients and for healthcare professionals. Advances in Knowledge. This study highlights the importance of accurate media portrayal of RT to improve public understanding of its benefits. Collaboration between radiation oncologists and media can help disseminate positive outcomes and dispel harmful myths to ensure a balanced and informed perception of RT.