Innovative hybrid 4th generation geothermal system for zero-carbon hotel buildings in cold climate

This research investigates the energy efficiency, economic viability, and environmental impact of a hotel building in Ottawa, Canada, utilizing dynamic annual energy simulations. The study evaluates the performance of a Hybrid 4th Generation Geothermal Energy System (H4GGES) with a novel energy pile configuration, both with and without an integrated Photovoltaic (PV) system, and compares these proposed energy systems to the conventional system. The primary objective is to assess the potential of these systems to achieve zero or near-zero energy emissions in the hospitality sector. The H4GGES system demonstrates significant reductions in CO2 emissions, achieving annual savings of 69% for Scope 1, 23.1% for Scope 2, and 54% for combined emissions. The PV-H4GGES system further enhances these reductions, achieving a 33.1% reduction in Scope 2 emissions and a 57% reduction in combined Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions. Additionally, both the H4GGES and PV-H4GGES energy systems provide substantial cost savings, with annual reductions of 17% and 25% compared to the conventional system. Energy Use Intensity (EUI) values indicate enhanced energy efficiency, with reductions of 45% for the H4GGES and 50% for the PV-H4GGES compared to the conventional system. These findings highlight the efficacy of innovative energy systems in enhancing operational performance, minimizing emissions, and promoting sustainability within the hospitality sector. The study provides valuable insights for stakeholders aiming to optimize energy efficiency and advance environmental sustainability initiatives.