Transcatheter closure of fenestrated atrial septal aneurysm: feasibility and long-term results

Aim To report on the feasibility, efficacy and long-term outcome of transcatheter closure of fenestrated Atrial Septal Aneurysm (ASA).Methods Between April 2000 and May 2020, 568 patients with fenestrated ASA underwent transcatheter closure at two large-volume Pediatric Cardiology and GUCH Units (Naples and Massa, Italy). Procedural indications were cardiac volume overload in 223 patients (39%) or prophylaxis of paradoxical embolization in 345 patients (61%). Patients' median age and weight were 42years (range19-52) and 66kg (range 54-79), respectively. One-hundred and thirty-nine patients (25%) were younger than 18 years.Results Single fenestration was found in 311 patients (55%) (Group 1), whereas 257 patients (45%) had multifenestrated ASA (Group 2). The procedure was successful in all but seven patients (1.2%). In Group 1, closure was achieved with a single device. In Group 2, one device was used in 168 patients (67%), two devices in 74 patients (28%), three devices in 12 patients (5%), and four devices in 1 patient (0.3%). The early complication rate was 3%, without any difference according to anatomy or patient's age. At discharge, complete shunt closure was higher in Group 1 (92% vs. 72%, P<0.0001), without any difference between groups at the last follow-up evaluation (100% vs. 99%, P=0.12). Procedural safety was persistent during the long-term follow-up (mean 7.2 +/- 5.4, range 0-19years): freedom from adverse events was 97% at 10-15years. Seventeen patients (3%) were submitted to reintervention, mostly as prophylaxis of paradoxical embolization.Conclusion Transcatheter closure of perforated ASA is technically feasible in a high percentage of cases, with excellent long-term outcomes.