Karl Marx: a lecture on differential calculus

In this paper, which was inspired by the two-hundredth anniversary of the birth of the great philo\-sopher and economist Karl Marx, we imagine a lecture about differential calculus held by him on the basis of his \emph{Mathematical Manuscripts}, written from time to time since 1858, but mainly in the years 1881 and 1882, the last two years before his death. The imagined exposition tries to point out the philosophical foundations of his mathematical views and to offer some suggestions about their relations with the subsequent developments of mathematics as well as about their indubitable didactic effectiveness.