Cultured human keratinocytes were analyzed for their ability to release tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) after stimulation with Gram-negative [Salmonella typhimurium porins and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-R] and Gram-positive components [lipoteichoic acid, muramic acid, muramyl-dipeptide (MDP), adjuvant peptide, protein A, α-haemolysin, toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1]. The surface expression of ICAM-1 was also investigated. In supernatants of untreated cells, no or minimal amounts of these molecules were found. After stimulation with Salmonella typhimurium porins and LPS-R, significant amounts of TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6 and sICAM-1 were detected. Protein A induces the release of TNF-α, but not IL-1α, IL-6 and sICAM-1. α-Haemolysin induces IL-1α and IL-6 production. MDP, lipoteichoic acid and TSST-1 were able to induce a significant release of IL-6. TSST-1 also increased the level of sICAM-1 together with adjuvant peptide, which stimulated the production of TNF-α and IL-6. Muramic acid showed an increase of IL-6 release by human keratinocytes. Porins, LPS-R, adjuvant peptide and TSST-1 were also able to upregulate the surface expression of ICAM-1 on keratinocytes. The capacity of these cells to synthesize and release these molecules supports the hypothesis that keratinocytes may play an important role in modulating an immune or inflammatory response.
Production of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 by human keratinocytes stimulated in vitro with gram-negative and gram-positive components
Galdiero, M.;DONNARUMMA, Giovanna;
1996
Abstract
Cultured human keratinocytes were analyzed for their ability to release tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) after stimulation with Gram-negative [Salmonella typhimurium porins and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-R] and Gram-positive components [lipoteichoic acid, muramic acid, muramyl-dipeptide (MDP), adjuvant peptide, protein A, α-haemolysin, toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1]. The surface expression of ICAM-1 was also investigated. In supernatants of untreated cells, no or minimal amounts of these molecules were found. After stimulation with Salmonella typhimurium porins and LPS-R, significant amounts of TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6 and sICAM-1 were detected. Protein A induces the release of TNF-α, but not IL-1α, IL-6 and sICAM-1. α-Haemolysin induces IL-1α and IL-6 production. MDP, lipoteichoic acid and TSST-1 were able to induce a significant release of IL-6. TSST-1 also increased the level of sICAM-1 together with adjuvant peptide, which stimulated the production of TNF-α and IL-6. Muramic acid showed an increase of IL-6 release by human keratinocytes. Porins, LPS-R, adjuvant peptide and TSST-1 were also able to upregulate the surface expression of ICAM-1 on keratinocytes. The capacity of these cells to synthesize and release these molecules supports the hypothesis that keratinocytes may play an important role in modulating an immune or inflammatory response.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.