Analysis of Strategies and Models for Industrial Symbiosis in Manufacturing Ecosystems

In the coming decades, a primary challenge for the global economy lies in reconciling economic growth with environmental sustainability and the responsible consumption of natural resources. The transition from a linear economy to a circular one has gained recognition as a pivotal strategy for achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. Industrial Symbiosis (IS) emerges as a crucial tool in this transition, fostering a circular economy at both national and global levels. IS represents an innovative approach to minimize raw material extraction and optimize resource utilization. Despite recognized environmental, economic, and social benefits, various barriers hinder IS implementation, particularly in manufacturing environments and few detailed case studies in scientific literature have been reported. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by systematically analyzing 16 selected articles on IS in manufacturing systems. The analysis categorizes case studies by various parameters, including publication year, manufacturing sector, country, entities involved, IS network characteristics, and exchange methods. It also highlights key trends, barriers, and drivers for IS implementation. The study reveals an increasing interest in IS since 2011, emphasizing its potential to address sustainability challenges while fostering economic growth. It underscores the importance of clear legislation, economic incentives, and knowledge dissemination to facilitate IS adoption. In conclusion, industrial symbiosis and the circular economy are vital strategies to achieve sustainable resource management and economic resilience. Overcoming barriers and promoting IS practices are essential steps towards a more sustainable future.