Climate-Responsive Design of Vernacular Architecture in Hot-Dry Climates: Lessons from the South of Algeria

This study explores climate-responsive design and passive strategies in vernacular architecture, focusing on the South of Algeria as an exemplary region facing hot-dry climatic challenges. We categorise building materials into natural-based and artificial-based, discussing their properties and applications. Material selection criteria include availability, density, thermal capacity, and more. These materials are employed in walls, roofs, windows and doors to suit various climatic zones. Passive strategies are integral for maintaining indoor comfort. In summer, measures minimise heat gain, protect from solar radiation, and promote heat storage. In winter, strategies focus on heat retention and thermal comfort. These strategies have been integral to vernacular architecture in the region for generations. Vernacular architecture offers valuable insights into sustainable building practices, including compact forms, thick walls, and materials with high thermal mass. It inspires contemporary architects to address extreme climate conditions. This study underscores the importance of applying lessons from vernacular architecture in modern construction in hot-dry climates. The qualitative approach is a foundation for future research, emphasising the cultural and environmental significance of preserving vernacular heritage.