Seismic response of curved structures in historical masonry churches

Curved structures (i.e. arches and vaults) are recognized as distinctive elements of the masonry built heritage, and in particular of churches. If on the one hand they represent structural and architectural elements of signifi-cant values, on the other they can experience important damage in case of seismic actions, being characterized by significant vulnerability. The structural assessment of masonry curved structures can be based on several simplified geometrical representations and performed at different detail levels, including limit analysis (with a kinematic or static approach) and finite or discrete element modelling. Therefore, the present paper focuses on the seismic response of curved structures in historical masonry, investigated by means of different approaches. In particular, a comparative assessment of these approaches is carried out considering multiple configurations including i. stand-alone arches; ii. arches supported by lateral piers; iii. triumphal arches (diaphragm arches). Strengths and limits of each method are compared, highlighting possible differences in the collapse predic-tions. Also, by means of parametric analyses, the main sources of vulnerability and failure modes of curved structures are investigated and critically assessed.